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An Insight Into the Big Bang and Dark Matter
Aug 29th
An Insight Into the Big Bang and Dark Matter
Author M.P.King BSc. (Hons)
The Generally accepted cosmological Theories
It has been theorised by many scientists that the big bang occurred approximately 12,000 million years ago and that the cosmos up until that point did not exist. Now I find it very difficult to accept that an event such as the big bang – with such vast amounts of energy as to be way beyond our comprehension -, suddenly appeared out of nowhere and continued on to form the known cosmos of today. It is also stated by scientists that there is insufficient matter in today’s cosmos to tie up with calculated quantities, the amount of which would decide one way or another whether the distant future cosmos will firstly, continue to expand, secondly, will remain at a final maximum with no further expansion or lastly reach a maximum and then revert to a contracting state. The first oddity comes from the repaired Hubble telescope which now has a magnification factor easily able to see clearly the outer fringe of the expanding big bang. There is no outer fringe to the cosmos at 12,000 million light years distance. Clearly something is amiss with either theory or calculations. I am also thinking that a 12,000 million light year fringe would necessitate an expansion for 12,000 million light years and then the return of the light emitted at that fringe which would then take another 12,000 million light years to reach us, a total of 24 million light years this means that after 12,000 million light years we would only be seeing the fringe of 6,000 million light years, The Hubble equation uses a constant to enable the expected results to be generated but if a constant is required then the theory is suspect, but perhaps we shouldn’t go there. The second anomaly is the theory expounded to allow for the missing matter. The missing matter according to today’s scientists is made up of dark matter which we can’t see and the effects of which cannot be measured, convenient if nothing else. The third anomaly is involved with galaxies, each of which is said to be falling into a central black hole. Would it not be more conceivable for each galaxy to be the result of an individual big bang or to coin a phrase a white hole? Certainly the spiral effect of the individual galaxies would then be due to matter falling into the very large black holes in the dim distant future especially if the approach of the matter to the black hole was at an angle to the axis. It has also been recently stated that the cosmos is expanding but at a rate which is accelerating.
For cosmological accelerating expansion to occur, vast quantities of energy beyond imagination would be required, all at once – another theoretical joke. The last theory which I must admit is quite plausible is that over a sufficiently long period of time the cosmos will grow old, the suns will burn out and all matter will decay and turn eventually back to dust with no light at all. That is if cosmological time works in the accepted way.
I personally do not feel that this is to be the way of things to come. Others may disagree with me but until I see proof to back up any other ‘way out’ theories I will continue to choose to understand the cosmological functioning as follows:
The big bang did happen, but so did many others spread throughout the cosmos at differing times and places, untold millions of them. This would account for the missing expansion fringe at 12,000 million light years distance, as the mix of many expansions would be seen as a continuing cosmos. The expansion rate of these universes occurring at differing times and places and in differing directions would, from a sufficient distance, appear to be accelerating with reference to our own position, with particular emphasis to the possibility of the position of the observer being on the opposite side of his own expanding universe.
In the dim distant future taking the scenario that there is sufficient matter in the universe to cause an eventual contraction, the gradual contracting matter would eventually form black holes by the millions spread through time and space past, present and future. Again the holes would form at entirely random times and places and the numbers would be beyond count. As each of these black holes attracts more and more matter into their hearts so the gravity wells would increase proportionately. The energy within the gravity well would, given sufficient time, increase to the point where matter entering, would be accelerated up to and beyond the speed of light.
Yes I know that it is supposed to be impossible for matter to exceed the speed of light but we have unusual and extreme circumstances here. In the first place, matter is transformed by the extreme heat and pressure within the gravity well to a form of proton/neutron plasma. This is due to the extremes of pressure, gravity and temperature affecting matter entering black holes. It is this plasma which is accelerated by the gravitational well energy to speeds in excess of that of the speed of light. Secondly, the laws of physics inside a black hole are unknown, as no one has even seen one. Now because the plasma has exceeded light velocity its only course is to go back in time. If the energy level is sufficient then the time span may well be such to allow energy plasma to erupt into space as a big bang many millions of millions of years back in time, as ours did 12,000 million years ago. I would imagine that once the fabric of space had been ruptured then the energy required to keep it that way would be much less, enaballing the eruption of matter from the exit point to continue for some time befor the energy available reduced to a point where the emerging matter would cease. This may or may not cause the dissipation of the black hole in the future due to insufficient energy to maintain it. Ours may have been the first but equally it may have been the last. This would then imply that the cosmos may have been in existence and expanding for much, much longer that the estimated 12,000 million years. It could of course be in the order of millions of times the above estimated value. As the black holes are forming in the future at differing times and places, so the emerging big bangs would also emerge at differing times and places in the dim distant past.
A recent Horizon program (UK.TV.) tried to use the string theory to show that time travel was possible. This theory was put forth in a way, which appeared to be proven, or that such proof was taken for granted. There is no proof what so ever to back up this type of fairy tale. No strings have ever been detected and there doesn’t seem much chance that they ever will. Mathematical proof without factual evidence is only useful as a guide to scientists that a theory may be possible in actuality but should not be taken as a forgone conclusion that any particular theory is valid.
Too many unfounded theories are presented by TV science programs, as if they are true tried and tested theories. This theory of mine which I admit is just as unfounded does have in its defence a large element of possibility. Getting back to the subject….
…The original problem of missing matter in the universe is cleared up instantly as a large proportion of the missing matter has been sent back in time to form the past big bangs. A virtual doughnut in time.
Taking things a little further, if we allow that time is a human perception thing and doesn’t really exist except within our minds then we have the large amounts of matter moving through space, not time, as this is only a human sensibility. This is a bit loose but ties in with some theories regarding the essence of time and the human awareness of time in general. The last point which helps this line of thought is the fact that when any matter is moving there are time differentials (to our senses and measurements) occurring. (Einstein’s Theory of relativity). The greater the velocity then the greater the time differential. NASA has proven this during the flights to the moon and back using atomic clocks. Even within our own bodies these time differentials occur, when we walk, move any part of our bodies and even talking, time is different for each part relative to any other which is still or moving at a different velocity. It may only be microscopic fractions of a microsecond but they are there. If one goes along with the notion that time doesn’t exist then there is no problem of differential time effects on any moving parts. This next part is a bit more to try to swallow and it relates to the measurement of vast distances using the red spectral shift. The amount of spectral shift is supposed to relate directly to the distance in light years. Now if we look at the packets of light quanta emitted from source, call them photons of you like. When emitted primarily they will conform to the required red shift as purporting to distance but when the photons pass large gravitational bodies then they will be accelerated as they approach and decelerated as they draw away. The effect of this is that when accelerated the energy level of the energy quanta increases and to accommodate this increase of energy so the relative speed will increase, as the speed of light is a constant, so time related to the packet of energy will speed up to conserve the SOL and the converse will be true for the photons in a decelerating state. At the same time the slingshot effect of gravitational energy from star and planetary material will also add to the relative energy level of the photons as will the absorption of energy by dust and cosmic radiation. It now gets worse because when the photons are subjected to large gravity fields such as stars and black holes and the like, they not only alter their energy status but also their directional status, during their multi-million light year sojourn they are subjected to many large gravitational energy sources and each source depending on its magnitude will alter the direction of travel of the photons.
After such a journey the photons could indicate a direction of emission from the totally opposite direction or even have circled around the cosmos a number of times before finalising upon an electronic receptor on this earth, we don’t really stand much chance of finding out exactly the photons origin, do we!
It is for these reasons that the use of the red shift phenomena to measure distance is erroneous. If for a moment we accept that time is a man perception thing only and as such does not really exist and then look at all these effects in detail we see a solution for the lost matter emerge and also for the expansion and contraction of the many big bangs, by removing time from the equation we simplify matters to a point where things start to make sense. Last but not least is the cosmic residual radiation which is theorised to be the remains of the big bang but the evenness of this radiation belies the expected discordant levels. Now if we look at this again but with the contents of this paper in mind then we have billions of big bangs all throughout time and space, past and present. This would have the effect of levelling the radiation to the state which we observe today.
Now my notes as laid out above may be disputed by many or even all but there are many questions raised which cannot be easily answered without rethinking a lot of the current theories, which may then prove to be erroneous. But if my over extreme thinking makes you stop and look carefully at all these accepted theories and their validity even postulate your own theories then it has achieved its result. An awful lot of currently accepted beliefs and or theories when looked at logically become a lot more unbelievable than this paper. The big bang, matter from nowhere? Dark matter, that we can’t see or measure? Light travelling in a straight line for in excess of 3000 million light years when it is known to be diverged by large gravitational fields? Doesn’t this conglomeration of normally accepted fictional theories make you stop and think, if it doesn’t well it should.
CONCLUSION
We have had our big bang; so therefore, looking at cause and effect, the cosmos will eventually contract. The Cosmos contracting causes black holes in the future leading to the big bang in the past, which means there is sufficient matter in the cosmos for contraction to eventually occur otherwise it would not have contracted in the first place which in turn means no big bang, no galaxies and no big bang theories of any kind.
The matter from the past big bang, must have been time shifted from the future, where else could it have originated. That is if there is such a thing as time. The missing matter is nicely accounted for by existing in a differing time phase. Within the cosmos as a whole, the amount of matter present throughout time is as calculated and is sufficient to cause eventual contraction. Remove time from the equation and it all fits together nicely. The use of the spectral red shift as a means of measuring distance is erroneous and accounts for all the strange and anomalous distance calculations. Multiple big bangs nicely accounts for the even cosmic radiation. And last but not least, where we see stars may not be where they actually are. Is it any wonder the theoretical cosmos is so misinterpreted?
Related Matter Articles
The Information Beyond Matter & Lawh-i Mahfuz
Aug 20th
The Information Beyond Matter & Lawh-i Mahfuz
Information… This concept today means a lot more than it did even a half century ago. Scientists are developing theories to define information. Social scientists speak of “the information age.” Information is becoming a very important concept for humanity.
The discovery of information in the origin of both the universe and life itself is what makes this concept so important in the modern world. Scientists today are realizing that the universe is formed by “matter, energy and information,” and this is replacing the materialistic philosophy of the nineteenth century that defined the universe as being made up entirely of “matter and energy.”
So, what does this all mean?
Let’s explain through an example, that of DNA. All living cells function according to the genetic information in the double helix structure of DNA. Our bodies are also formed by trillions of cells each with its own DNA, and all the functions of our bodies are registered in this giant molecule. Our cells use protein codes inscribed in the DNA to produce new proteins. The information that our DNA possesses is so large that if you wanted to write it down, it would fill up 900 volumes of encyclopedias, cover-to-cover!
So what is DNA made up of? Fifty years ago, scientists would have replied that DNA is formed by nucleic acids called nucleotides and the chemical bonds holding these nucleotides together. In other words, they used to list only the material elements of the DNA. But today, scientists have a different answer: DNA is composed of atoms, molecules, chemical bonds and, most importantly, information.
It’s just like a book. We would be quite mistaken to say that a book is only made up of paper, ink and binding for, alongside these materials, it is the information that truly makes it a book. It is information which separates a volume of the Encyclopedia Britannica from a “book” formed by randomly arranged letters like ABICLDIXXGGSDLL. Both have paper, ink and binding, but one has information while the other does not. The source of information is the author of that book, a mind with consciousness. Therefore we can’t deny that the information in DNA was placed there by an intelligent being.
The Information Dead End of Evolutionary Theory and Materialism
The discovery of this fact has sent materialist philosophy and Darwinism, its application to the natural sciences, into a dead end, because materialist philosophy claims that all living things are formed by matter alone and that genetic information appeared somehow by “chance.” This is like saying that a book could be formed from a random assemblage of paper and ink.
Materialism subscribes to the theory of “reductionism,” which claims that information can ultimately be reduced to matter. For this reason, materialists say that there’s no need to look for any source of information besides matter. But this assertion has been proven to be in error, and even materialists have started to owe up to this truth.
One of the leading defenders of the theory of evolution, George C. Williams, pointed in a 1995 essay to the mistake of materialism (reductionism), that is, assuming everything to consist of materials:
Evolutionary biologists have failed to realize that they work with two more or less incommensurable domains: that of information and that of matter… These two domains will never be brought together in any kind of the sense usually implied by the term “reductionism.” …The gene is a package of information, not an object… In biology, when you’re talking about things like genes and genotypes and gene pools, you’re talking about information, not physical objective reality… This dearth of shared descriptors makes matter and information two separate domains of existence, which have to be discussed separately, in their own terms. 1
Stephen C. Meyer, a philosopher of science from the Cambridge University and who is critical of the theory of evolution as well as materialism, says in an interview:
One thing I do in classes to get this idea across the students is that I hold up two computer disks. One is loaded with software, the other one is blank. And I ask, “What is the difference in mass between these two computer disks as a result of the difference in the information content that they possess”? And of course the answer is zero, none, there is no difference as a result of the information. That is because information is a massless quantity. Information is not a material entity.
Then how can any materialistic explanation explain its origin? How can any material cause explain its origin?… This creates a fundamental challenge to the materialistic evolutionary scenarios.
In the 19th century, we thought that there were two fundamental entities of science: Matter and energy. At the beginning of the 21st century, we now recognize that there is a third fundamental entity, and it is information. It is not reducible to matter; it is not reducible to energy. 2
All theories put forward in the twentieth century to reduce information to matter-like the random origin of life, self-organization of matter, the biological theory of evolution that has tried to explain species’ genetic information through the mechanism of mutation and natural selection-have failed. Professor Phillip Johnson, a leading critic of Darwinism, wrote:
The real duality at every level of biology is the duality of matter and information. The philosophers of mind-science fail to understand the true nature of information because they assume that it is produced by a material (i.e. Darwinian) process and hence is not something fundamentally different from matter. But this is merely a prejudice that would be swept away by unbiased thinking. 3
As Johnson states, “information is not matter, although it is imprinted on matter. It comes from elsewhere, from an intelligence….” Dr. Werner Gitt, a director and professor at the German Federal Institute of Physics and Technology, expressed much the same thought:
A coding system always entails a nonmaterial intellectual process. A physical matter cannot produce an information code. All experiences show that every piece of creative information represents some mental effort and can be traced to a personal idea-giver who exercised his own free will, and who is endowed with an intelligent mind…. There is no known law of nature, no known process and no known sequence of events which can cause information to originate by itself in matter… 4
As we discussed above, a book is formed by paper, ink and the information it includes. The source of this information is the mind of the author.
And there is one more important point: This mind comes prior to the material elements and it decides how to use them. A book first appears in the mind of the person who will write that book. The author makes logical connections and comes up with sentences. Later, in the second stage, he gives these ideas a material form. By using a typewriter or computer, he turns the information contained within his mind into letters. Later these letters go to a printing house and they make up a book.
So here, we can reach the following conclusion: “If matter includes information, then that material has been pre-organized by a mind possessing that information. First there was a mind, and then the owner of that mind turned that information into matter and thus created a design.”
The Mind That Existed Before Matter
Therefore, the source of the information in nature cannot be the matter itself, as the materialists claim. The source of information is not matter, but rather a supra-material Mind. This Mind existed before matter. The Mind created, shaped and organized the whole material universe.
Biology isn’t the only branch of science leading us to this conclusion. Twentieth century astronomy and physics also demonstrated the existence of an astonishing harmony and design, pointing to the existence of a Mind that existed before the universe and created it.
Israeli scientist Gerald Schroeder who studied physics and biology in universities like the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and the author of the book The Science of God, makes some important remarks on this subject. In his new book entitled The Hidden Face of God: Science Reveals the Ultimate Truth, he explains the conclusion reached by molecular biology and quantum physics as follows:
A single consciousness, a universal wisdom, pervades the universe. The discoveries of science, those that search the quantum nature of subatomic matter, have moved us to the brink of a startling realization: all existence is the expression of this wisdom. In the laboratories we experience it as information that first physically articulated as energy and then condensed into the form of matter. Every particle, every being, from atom to human, appears to represent a level of information, of wisdom. 5
According to Schroeder, the scientific results of our age lead science and theology to meet at a common truth. This is the truth of Creation. Science is now re-discovering this truth that divine religions have actually taught to humanity for millennia.
The Lawh-i Mahfuz (The Preserved Tablet)
So far, we have looked at science’s conclusions about the universe and the origin of living things. The conclusion is that the entire universe and life itself were created using a blueprint of magnificent information that existed before.
This conclusion reached by modern science is strikingly in agreement with a secret that was laid out in the Qur’an some 14 centuries ago. In the Qur’an, a book sent to people as a guide, God announced that the Lawh-i Mahfuz (the Preserved Tablet) existed before the creation of the universe and that it furthermore explained all creation and events in the universe.
The Lawh-i Mahfuz was “guarded” (mahfuz) so the things written there were not changed or spoiled. In the Qur’an, this is called “Ommu al-Kitabi” (The Mother of the Book), “Kitabun Hafeethun” (All-Preserving Book), “Kitabin Maknoonin” (Well-Protected Book) or just the book. It is also called Kitabin min Qabli (The Book of Decrees) since it also tells of the events that humanity will face.
In many verses, God tells about the characteristics of the Lawh-i Mahfuz. First of all, there is nothing missing from this book:
The keys of the Unseen are in His possession. No one knows them but Him. He knows everything in the land and sea. No leaf falls without His knowing it. There is no seed in the darkness of the earth, and nothing moist or dry which is not in a Clear Book. (Qur’an, 6: 59)
One verse says that all life in the world is recorded in the Lawh-i Mahfuz:
There is no creature crawling on the earth or flying creature, flying on its wings, who are not communities just like yourselves —We have not omitted anything from the Book— then they will be gathered to their Lord. (Qur’an, 6: 38)
In another verse, it is stated that “on earth and in the heavens,” in the entire universe, all creatures and things, including the smallest speck, are known by God and recorded in the Lawh-i Mahfuz:
You do not engage in any matter or recite any of the Qur’an or do any action without Our witnessing you while you are occupied with it. Not even the smallest speck eludes your Lord, either on earth or in heaven. Nor is there anything smaller than that, or larger, which is not in a Clear Book. (Qur’an, 10: 61)
All information concerning humanity is in the Lawh-i Mahfuz, and this includes the genetic code of all people and their destinies:
Nonetheless they are amazed that a warner should have come to them from among themselves and those who disbelieve say, “What an extraordinary thing! When we are dead and turned to dust? That would be a most unlikely return!” We know exactly how the earth eats them away. We possess an all-preserving Book. (Qur’an, 50: 2-4)
The following verse states that God’s words in the Lawh-i Mahfuz are endless, and this is explained through an example:
If all the trees on earth were pens and all the sea, with seven more seas besides, was ink God’s words still would not run dry. God is Almighty, All-Wise. (Qur’an, 31: 27)
Conclusion
The facts that we explored in this article prove yet again that the findings of modern science confirm what religion teaches to people. The materialist dogmatism that has been imposed on science is in fact rejected by science itself.
The conclusions of modern science about information serve to objectively demonstrate who is right in a dispute that has been raging for thousands of years. This dispute has been waged between materialist thought and religion. Materialist thought claims that matter is without beginning and that nothing existed before matter. Religion, on the other hand, states that God existed before matter, and that matter is created and ruled by God’s endless knowledge.
The fact that this truth, which has been taught by divine religions – like Judaism, Christianity and Islam – since the dawn of history, has been proved by the findings of science, is an indication of the impending post-atheist age. Humanity is getting closer to realizing that God truly exists and He is the “All-Knowing.” Just as reminded to people in the following verse of the Holy Qur’an:
Do you not know that God knows everything in heaven and earth? That is in a Book. That is easy for God. (Qur’an, 22: 70)
Under the pen name of Harun Yahya, Adnan Oktar has written some 250 works. His books contain a total of 46,000 pages and 31,500 illustrations. Of these books, 7,000 pages and 6,000 illustrations deal with the collapse of the Theory of Evolution. You can read, free of charge, all the books Adnan Oktar has written under the pen name Harun Yahya on these websites www.harunyahya.com
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(1) George C. Williams. The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution. (ed. John Brockman). New York, Simon & Schuster, 1995, pp. 42-43
(2) Stephen Meyer, “Why Can’t Biological Information Originate Through a Materialistic Process”, Unlocking the Mystery of Life, DVD, Produced by Illustra Media, 2002
(3) Phillip Johnson, The Wedge of Truth: Splitting the Foundations of Naturalism , Intervarsity Press, Illinois, 2000, p. 123
(4) Werner Gitt. In the Beginning Was Information. CLV, Bielefeld, Germany, pp. 107, 141
(5) Gerald Schroeder, The Hidden Face of God, Touchstone, New York, 2001, p. xi
ABOUT THE AUTHOR, HARUN YAHYA
Born in Ankara in 1956, Adnan Oktar writes his books under the pen name of Harun Yahya. Ever since his university years, he has dedicated his life to telling of the existence and oneness of Almighty Allah, and to disseminating the moral values of the Qur’an. He has never wavered in the face of difficulties and despite oppression, still continues this intellectual struggle today exhibiting great patience and determination. For mor information pls visit: http://www.harunyahya.com/theauthor.php
Music video by Akon performing Don’t Matter. (C) 2007 Universal Records & SRC Records Inc., a division of UMG Recordings